Judaism has never accepted that the Church is the verus et novus Israel; it believes that the Old Covenant is not abolished, Israel is still elected and favoured by God, who in Israel the Priest also loves all the other pagan Peoples as lay-faithful of Israel. For Judaizing neo-modernists this should understand the Church to overcome the religious crisis of the early twentieth century and this is the task of Modernism itself: to empty the Catholic Creed or Dogma from within to replace it with the idea of a universal or noachid Religiousness.